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DIY 機械人概念

如何製作物體分類機器人

一個帶有相機分類、伺服器分流器、料箱和校準流程的小型輸送機分類器,無需先進行完整 AI 訓練。

物體分類是一個很好的機器人項目,因為環境是受限的:物體在輸送帶上到達,照明可以固定,料箱也是已知的。這比要求移動機器人在房間內識別所有物體要容易得多。

先從顏色或標記物分類開始,而不是直接訓練模型。一旦機械結構運行正常,再加入相機分類器。最大的可靠性提升點並非神經網絡;而是穩定的照明和物體間隔閘門,確保相機一次只看到一個物體。

核心零件

Mini conveyor belt

$55

Moves objects at predictable speed

Raspberry Pi and camera

$85

Captures images and runs simple classification

LED light box

$20

Consistent lighting for reliable vision

Servo diverter gates

$18

Pushes objects into bins

ESP32 or Arduino

$8

Timing for conveyor and servos

Sorting bins

$12

Physical outputs for each class

設計變體

Color sorter

Use HSV thresholds and colored blocks before training models.

Recycling demo

Sort known clean objects like cans, caps and cardboard cards.

Parts counter

Count screws, washers or printed parts into bins using the same conveyor.

實用安全提示

生成內容只係原型計劃,唔係認證產品。貼身、高電壓、光學能量或者移動類 build,落地前要搵合資格人士覆核。

常見問題

Do I need machine learning?

No. Start with color, shape or fiducial markers. Add ML after the conveyor is reliable.

Why do sorters misclassify?

Bad lighting, overlapping objects and motion blur cause most errors.

How fast should the belt move?

Slow enough for the camera exposure and servo gate. Reliability beats speed in the first version.

相關機械人指南

將呢個概念變成有零件來源嘅 build

用預填 prompt 開始,等 RoboHub 生成即時零件清單、接線、CAD 同 firmware。

生成 build